Document Details
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Document Type |
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Thesis |
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Document Title |
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Application on a local neturon capture gamma-ray system using isotopic neturon sources تطبيقات على منظومة محلية لأطياف أشعة جاما الناتجة عن أسر النيوترونات باستخدام مصادر نيوترونات نظائرية |
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Subject |
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Application on a local neturon capture gamma-ray system using isotopic neturon sources |
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Document Language |
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Arabic |
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Abstract |
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المستخلص انجليزي The neutron capture gamma-ray technique is considered as one of the most important techniques for determination of the percentage concentration values of elemental constituent for complex samples.
This technique proves that it has many advantages over the other techniques such as high reliability, accuracy , and rapidity for nearly all of he elements mentioned in the periodic table of the elements. Ina very simple words , one can say that when the neutrons interact with the nuclei of the elements of any material , it will emit directly the prompt gamma- rays this technique called , the prompt gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) . if we left ( the radioactive material to be cooled for some time, it will emit the delayed gamma rays which accompanied the α and β -particles emission . in this case we call this technique the delayed gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (DGNAA) .
This thesis deals with the (PGNAA) only for elemental analysis of some local Saudi materials such as , TABLE SAULT , RAW GLASS MATERIALS and the OIL used for LUBRICATION in Saudi Arabia . in order to do this work in optimum conditions a prompt gamma-ray system in designed , built , calibrated and tested using 226Ra/Be and 252Cf isotopic neutron sources and HPGe γ -ray spectroscopy detection system . this thesis contains five chapters which stand as the main content . they are as follows:
Chapter one : gives a general introduction which includes the importance of the neutron activation analysis and its role in elemental investigation of complex samples using the isotopic neutron sources .
It also includes a discussion of the prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy and its uses for qualitative and quantitative analysis of such materials .
This chapter also gives a survey on the previous work in the last 3 decades. At the end of this chapter the aims of this thesis is stated as to contract a local neutron capture gamma-ray system using the 226Ra/Be and 252Cf isotopic neutron sources and its application for elemental analysis of some local industrial materials.
The second chapter contains the theoretical principals and methods of calculation for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the prompt gamma-ray spectra obtained due to thermal neutron capture. The neutron flux estimation as well as the principal of energy and efficiency calibration of the system are given in this chapter .
The third chapter of this thesis contains the complete description of the design and construction of the prompt gamma-ray spectrometer using the 226Re/ Be and 252Cf isotopic neutron sources .
The neutron source holders , samples holder, gamma-ray collimator, radiation shielding materials , identify of the isotopic neutron sources and the electronic system used are presented in full details.
In chapter four , the calibration and test of the locally designed and constructed gamma-ray spectrometer are presented . the neutron flux measurement at some sensitive places close to the samples position and around the HPGe detector with its B4C cover were achieved , using the gold foil technique . the energy and efficiency calibrations are constructed using some radioactive standard sources as well as some of the prompt gamma-ray line appeared in the Hypochloride spectrum up to 10 Me V.
A list of the prompt gamma-ray lines due to Background shielding materials is also presented . in order to test the system, the prompt gamma-ray lines of
chlorine and sodium due to35 Cl ( n,γ ) 36Cl and 23Na (n,γ ) 23Na reaction have been identified and listed in this chapter, inorder to confirm the success of this system for such kind of analysis .
chapter five of this thesis includes the complete elemental investigations of three samples , raw glass materials used in local industries , table sault used in Saudi Arabia , and a sample of Saudi lubrication oil. A total of (128) γ
ray lines have been appeared in the glass sample belonging to the following element
Na, Mg, Al, Si, S Cl , Ca, Ti, P , Mn, Ni , Ga , Zr , Mo , Sn , Te , Nd, W , Cr, Fe, Co , Zn , Rb and Sr while in table sault a total of (113) γ - ray lines are appeared belonging to the following element Na, Al , Si , Cl , Ca , Nd , Co , Zn , Rb , and Sr .
In case of lubrication oil sample a total of (99) γ - ray lines were appeared for the Mn, Zn, Ru, Ir , Li, Nd , Mg , Si , Zr , W , Ti , Cr, Cu , Pb and Co element .
For quantitative analysis the concentration percentage values of Na, Mg, Al , Si, S , Cl , K , Ca , Ti , Cr , Fe , Co and Zn , elements. In case of glass sample, and Na, Al, Si , Cl, Ca, Nd, Co, Zn, Rb , Sr elements in case of table sault sample , and the elements of Co ,Zn , Rb , Sr , Pb , for the lubrication oil sample ore calculated and presented .
A comparative studies have been carried out for all of these elements with the EDX-Ray and ICP-MS techniques for the same samples. The results of some of elements such as Na, Cl , Si, Al and Mg were in good agreement specially for the glass and table sault samples , while with these techniques Co, Zn and Rb were not in complete agreement for the same sample . but for the lubrication oil sample the results of Co, Zn and Sr were in good agreement with the ICP-MS technique , while Rb and Pb were not in complete agreement with this technique .
In the conclusion of this thesis , six important point have been pointed out , just to prove the success of using the local prompt gamma –ray system which designed for elemental analysis of the industrial materials . |
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Supervisor |
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Prof. Dr. Abdel Moneim Mahmoud Hassan |
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Thesis Type |
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Master Thesis |
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Publishing Year |
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1425 AH
2000 AD |
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Added Date |
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Tuesday, January 6, 2015 |
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Researchers
| رضية أحمد باحارث | Bahareth, Radiyah Ahmad | Investigator | Doctorate | |
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